区块链的世界里,以太坊可是个明星!今天,咱们就来聊聊以太坊的示例代码,看看那些让区块链世界运转起来的神秘代码是如何一步步诞生的。准备好了吗?让我们一起揭开这神秘的面纱!
在以太坊的世界里,Solidity是它的官方编程语言。想象Solidity就像是区块链世界的乐高积木,用它可以搭建出各种智能合约。Solidity的语法有点像JavaScript,但别担心,它有自己的特色。
ERC20是以太坊上代币的标准协议,就像是一张通行证,让代币在不同的区块链应用中畅通无阻。ERC20协议定义了一系列必须遵守的规则,比如代币的名称、符号、总供应量等。
ERC721是NFT(非同质化代币)的标准协议,每个NFT都是独一无二的,就像身份证一样。ERC721协议规定了NFT的创建、转移、查询等规则。
OpenZeppelin是一个开源的智能合约库,它提供了许多安全可靠的智能合约模板。使用OpenZeppelin,开发者可以避免编写重复的安全代码,提高合约的安全性。
Remix是一个以太坊智能合约的在线编辑器,它提供了编译、部署、测试等功能。在Remix上,你可以轻松地编写、测试和部署智能合约。
下面是一个简单的ERC20代币的Solidity示例代码:
```solidity
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract ERC20 {
string public name;
string public symbol;
uint8 public decimals;
uint256 public totalSupply;
mapping(address => uint256) public balanceOf;
mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) public allowance;
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 value);
event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed spender, uint256 value);
constructor(string memory _name, string memory _symbol, uint8 _decimals) {
name = _name;
symbol = _symbol;
decimals = _decimals;
totalSupply = 1000000 (10 uint256(_decimals));
balanceOf[msg.sender] = totalSupply;
}
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balanceOf[msg.sender] >= _value, \Insufficient balance\);
balanceOf[msg.sender] -= _value;
balanceOf[_to] = _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value);
return true;
}
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
allowance[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
return true;
}
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balanceOf[_from] >= _value, \Insufficient balance\);
require(allowance[_from][msg.sender] >= _value, \Insufficient allowance\);
balanceOf[_from] -= _value;
balanceOf[_to] = _value;
allowance[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;
emit Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
return true;
}
function totalSupply() public view returns (uint256) {
return totalSupply;
}
function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256 balance) {
return balanceOf[_owner];
}
function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) public view returns (uint256 remaining) {
return allowance[_owner][_spender];
}
这个示例代码定义了一个简单的ERC20代币,包括名称、符号、小数位数、总供应量、余额、授权等属性。它还实现了转账、授权、转账授权等基本功能。
下面是一个简单的ERC721 NFT的Solidity示例代码:
```solidity
// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract ERC721 {
string public name;
string public symbol;
mapping(uint256 => address) private _owners;
mapping(address => uint256) private _balances;
event Transfer(address indexed from, address indexed to, uint256 indexed tokenId);
event Approval(address indexed owner, address indexed approved, uint256 indexed tokenId);
event ApprovalForAll(address indexed owner, address indexed operator, bool approved);
constructor(string memory _name, string memory _symbol)